Monday, September 26, 2016

droperidol Injection


droe-PER-i-dol


Injection route(Solution)

Cases of QT prolongation and/or torsade de pointes, some fatal, have been reported in patients receiving droperidol at doses at or below recommended doses. All patients should undergo a 12-lead ECG prior to administration of droperidol to determine if a prolonged QT interval (i.e., QTc greater than 440 msec for males or 450 msec for females) is present. Do not administer droperidol if there is a prolonged QT interval. Droperidol is contraindicated in patients with known or suspected QT prolongation, including patients with congenital long QT syndrome. Administer droperidol with extreme caution to patients who may be at risk for development of prolonged QT syndrome, are over 65 years old, abuse alcohol, or when used concomitantly with benzodiazepines, volatile anesthetics, and IV opiates. ECG monitoring should be performed prior to treatment and continued for 2 to 3 hours after completing treatment to monitor for arrhythmias .



Commonly used brand name(s)

In the U.S.


  • Inapsine

Available Dosage Forms:


  • Injectable

  • Solution

Therapeutic Class: Antiemetic


Pharmacologic Class: Dopamine Antagonist


Chemical Class: Butyrophenone


Uses For droperidol


Droperidol is used to reduce the amount of nausea and vomiting you may have after surgery or other procedures.


droperidol is available only with your doctor's prescription.


Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although these uses are not included in product labeling, droperidol is used


  • In certain patients with severe agitation and combativeness

  • To produce sleepiness or drowsiness before surgery or certain procedures

For patients receiving droperidol for severe agitation and combativeness, the dose administered will depend on the degree of agitation and the size of the patient.


Before Using droperidol


In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For droperidol, the following should be considered:


Allergies


Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to droperidol or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.


Pediatric


Droperidol has not been studied in children up to 2 years of age. There is no specific information comparing the use of droperidol in children with use in other age groups. However, based on experience with similar drugs, children may be more likely than older patients to experience side effects after receiving droperidol, such as muscle spasms in the tongue, face, neck, and back, and inability to move the eyes.


Geriatric


Older patients may be more likely than younger adult patients to experience dizziness and excessive sleepiness from droperidol. Older patients may also have problems with unusual heartbeats from droperidol


Pregnancy








Pregnancy CategoryExplanation
All TrimestersCAnimal studies have shown an adverse effect and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women OR no animal studies have been conducted and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women.

Breast Feeding


There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.


Interactions with Medicines


Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are receiving droperidol, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.


Using droperidol with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.


  • Acetophenazine

  • Bepridil

  • Bromperidol

  • Cisapride

  • Clozapine

  • Dronedarone

  • Levomethadyl

  • Mesoridazine

  • Molindone

  • Perphenazine

  • Pimozide

  • Pipamperone

  • Remoxipride

  • Sparfloxacin

  • Thioridazine

  • Tiapride

  • Triflupromazine

  • Ziprasidone

Using droperidol with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.


  • Acecainide

  • Acetazolamide

  • Ajmaline

  • Alfuzosin

  • Amiloride

  • Amiodarone

  • Amisulpride

  • Amitriptyline

  • Amlodipine

  • Amoxapine

  • Apomorphine

  • Aprindine

  • Aranidipine

  • Arsenic Trioxide

  • Asenapine

  • Astemizole

  • Azimilide

  • Azithromycin

  • Azosemide

  • Bemetizide

  • Bendroflumethiazide

  • Benzthiazide

  • Bretylium

  • Brofaromine

  • Bumetanide

  • Canrenoate

  • Castor Oil

  • Chloral Hydrate

  • Chloroquine

  • Chlorpromazine

  • Chlorthalidone

  • Ciprofloxacin

  • Citalopram

  • Clarithromycin

  • Clomipramine

  • Clopamide

  • Clorgyline

  • Clozapine

  • Crizotinib

  • Cyclothiazide

  • Dasatinib

  • Desipramine

  • Dibenzepin

  • Diltiazem

  • Disopyramide

  • Docusate

  • Dofetilide

  • Dolasetron

  • Doxepin

  • Ebastine

  • Encainide

  • Enflurane

  • Erythromycin

  • Ethacrynic Acid

  • Etozolin

  • Felodipine

  • Fendiline

  • Fenquizone

  • Fexofenadine

  • Flecainide

  • Fluconazole

  • Flunarizine

  • Fluoxetine

  • Fluspirilene

  • Fluvoxamine

  • Foscarnet

  • Furazolidone

  • Furosemide

  • Gallopamil

  • Gatifloxacin

  • Gemifloxacin

  • Granisetron

  • Halofantrine

  • Haloperidol

  • Halothane

  • Hydrochlorothiazide

  • Hydroflumethiazide

  • Hydroquinidine

  • Ibutilide

  • Iloperidone

  • Imipramine

  • Indapamide

  • Iproniazid

  • Isocarboxazid

  • Isoflurane

  • Isradipine

  • Lacidipine

  • Lactulose

  • Lapatinib

  • Lazabemide

  • Levofloxacin

  • Lidoflazine

  • Linezolid

  • Lithium

  • Lopinavir

  • Lorcainide

  • Lumefantrine

  • Mannitol

  • Mefloquine

  • Methadone

  • Metolazone

  • Mianserin

  • Mibefradil

  • Moclobemide

  • Morphine Sulfate Liposome

  • Moxifloxacin

  • Nefazodone

  • Nialamide

  • Nicardipine

  • Nilotinib

  • Norfloxacin

  • Nortriptyline

  • Octreotide

  • Ofloxacin

  • Ondansetron

  • Paliperidone

  • Pargyline

  • Paroxetine

  • Pazopanib

  • Pentamidine

  • Perflutren Lipid Microsphere

  • Phenelzine

  • Piretanide

  • Pirmenol

  • Polythiazide

  • Posaconazole

  • Prajmaline

  • Probucol

  • Procainamide

  • Procarbazine

  • Prochlorperazine

  • Promethazine

  • Propafenone

  • Protriptyline

  • Quetiapine

  • Quinethazone

  • Quinidine

  • Quinine

  • Ranolazine

  • Rasagiline

  • Risperidone

  • Ritanserin

  • Salmeterol

  • Saquinavir

  • Selegiline

  • Sematilide

  • Sertindole

  • Sertraline

  • Sibutramine

  • Sodium Phosphate

  • Sodium Phosphate, Dibasic

  • Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic

  • Solifenacin

  • Sorafenib

  • Sorbitol

  • Sotalol

  • Spiramycin

  • Spironolactone

  • Sulfamethoxazole

  • Sultopride

  • Sunitinib

  • Tedisamil

  • Telavancin

  • Telithromycin

  • Terfenadine

  • Tetrabenazine

  • Ticrynafen

  • Toloxatone

  • Toremifene

  • Torsemide

  • Tranylcypromine

  • Trazodone

  • Triamterene

  • Trichlormethiazide

  • Trifluoperazine

  • Trimethoprim

  • Trimipramine

  • Urea

  • Vandetanib

  • Vasopressin

  • Vemurafenib

  • Voriconazole

  • Xipamide

  • Zimeldine

  • Zolmitriptan

  • Zotepine

Using droperidol with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.


  • Levodopa

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol


Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.


Other Medical Problems


The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of droperidol. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:


  • Age over 65 or

  • Alcoholism or

  • Congestive heart failure or

  • Enlargement of the heart or

  • Hypokalemia (too little potassium in the blood) or

  • Hypomagnesemia (too little magnesium in the blood) or

  • Irregular heartbeat

  • Slow heartbeat—Droperidol may increase the risk of irregular heartbeats

  • Epilepsy—The risk of seizures may be increased

  • Heart disease or

  • Mental depression or

  • Parkinsonism—Droperidol may worsen these conditions

  • Hypovolemia—The risk of dizziness may be increased

  • Liver disease—The risk of side effects may be increased

  • Pheochromocytoma—High blood pressure and rapid heart rate may occur

Proper Use of droperidol


Dosing


The dose of droperidol will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of droperidol. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.


The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.


  • Your age;

  • Your general physical condition;

  • The reason you are receiving droperidol; and

  • Other medicines you are taking or will receive before or after droperidol is given.

Precautions While Using droperidol


For patients going home within a few hours after surgery:


  • Droperidol and other medicines that may be given during surgery may cause some people to feel drowsy, tired, or weak for up to a few days afterwards. Therefore, for at least 24 hours (or longer if necessary) after receiving droperidol, do not drive, use machines, or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are dizzy or are not alert.

  • Unless otherwise directed by your medical doctor, do not drink alcoholic beverages or take other central nervous system (CNS) depressants (medicines that slow down the nervous system, possibly causing drowsiness) for about 24 hours after you have received droperidol. To do so may add to the effects of droperidol. Some examples of CNS depressants are antihistamines or medicine for hay fever, other allergies, or colds; sedatives, tranquilizers, or sleeping medicine; prescription pain medicine or narcotics; barbiturates; medicine for seizures; and muscle relaxants.

droperidol Side Effects


Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.


Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:


Less common
  • Anxiety

  • high blood pressure

  • restlessness

Rare
  • Fainting

  • fever

  • fixed upward position of the eyeballs

  • irregular or slow heart rate

  • spasm of the muscles of the tongue, face, neck, and back

  • sudden death

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.


Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

See also: droperidol Injection side effects (in more detail)


Symptoms of overdose
  • Dizziness

  • fixed upward position of the eyeballs

  • restlessness

  • slowed breathing

  • spasm of the muscles of the tongue, face, neck, and back

Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:


More common
  • Drowsiness

  • lightheadedness

  • rapid heart rate

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.


Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.



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More droperidol Injection resources


  • Droperidol Injection Side Effects (in more detail)
  • Droperidol Injection Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Droperidol Injection Drug Interactions
  • Droperidol Injection Support Group
  • 0 Reviews for Droperidol Injection - Add your own review/rating


Compare droperidol Injection with other medications


  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Nausea/Vomiting, Postoperative

drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate


droe-SPYE-re-none, ETH-i-nil es-tra-DYE-ol, lee-voe-me-FOE-late KAL-see-um, lee-voe-me-FOE-late KAL-see-um


Oral route(Tablet)

Cigarette smoking increases the risk of serious cardiovascular events from combination oral contraceptives (COC) use. This risk increases with age, particularly in women over 35 years of age, and with the number of cigarettes smoked. For this reason, COCs should not be used by women who are over 35 years of age and smoke .



Commonly used brand name(s)

In the U.S.


  • Beyaz

  • Safyral

Available Dosage Forms:


  • Tablet

Uses For drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate


Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate combination is used to prevent pregnancy. It is a birth control pill that contains two types of hormones, ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone, and when taken properly, prevents pregnancy. It works by stopping a woman's egg from fully developing each month. The egg can no longer accept a sperm and fertilization is prevented.


drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate is also used to treat premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and acne in women at least 14 years of age. PMDD is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Patients with PMDD may have severe emotional and physical symptoms a few days before their menstrual flow starts.


drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate also contains levomefolate, which is a form of folic acid. Folic acid is one of the B vitamins that pregnant women need to help prevent neural tube defects in a baby.


No contraceptive method is 100 percent effective. Birth control methods such as having surgery to become sterile or not having sex are more effective than birth control pills. Discuss your options for birth control with your doctor.


drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate does not prevent AIDS or other sexually transmitted diseases. It will not help as emergency contraception, such as after unprotected sexual contact.


drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate is available only with your doctor's prescription.


Before Using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate


In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate, the following should be considered:


Allergies


Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.


Pediatric


Appropriate studies on the relationship of age to the effects of drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate combination have not been performed in the pediatric population. However, pediatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of this medication in teenagers are not expected. drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate may be used for birth control in teenage females but should not be used before the start of menstruation.


Geriatric


Appropriate studies on the relationship of age to the effects of drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate combination have not been performed in the geriatric population. drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate should not be used in elderly women.


Breast Feeding


There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.


Interactions with Medicines


Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.


Using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.


  • Boceprevir

Using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.


  • Boceprevir

  • Felbamate

  • Isotretinoin

  • Paclitaxel

  • Paclitaxel Protein-Bound

  • Theophylline

  • Tizanidine

  • Tranexamic Acid

Using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.


  • Alprazolam

  • Amoxicillin

  • Ampicillin

  • Amprenavir

  • Aprepitant

  • Atazanavir

  • Bacampicillin

  • Betamethasone

  • Bexarotene

  • Bosentan

  • Carbamazepine

  • Colesevelam

  • Cyclosporine

  • Darunavir

  • Delavirdine

  • Doxycycline

  • Efavirenz

  • Etravirine

  • Fosamprenavir

  • Fosaprepitant

  • Fosphenytoin

  • Ginseng

  • Griseofulvin

  • Lamotrigine

  • Licorice

  • Minocycline

  • Modafinil

  • Mycophenolate Mofetil

  • Mycophenolic Acid

  • Nelfinavir

  • Nevirapine

  • Oxcarbazepine

  • Oxytetracycline

  • Phenobarbital

  • Phenytoin

  • Pioglitazone

  • Prednisolone

  • Primidone

  • Rifabutin

  • Rifampin

  • Rifapentine

  • Ritonavir

  • Roflumilast

  • Rosuvastatin

  • Rufinamide

  • Selegiline

  • St John's Wort

  • Telaprevir

  • Tetracycline

  • Tipranavir

  • Topiramate

  • Troglitazone

  • Troleandomycin

  • Valdecoxib

  • Voriconazole

  • Warfarin

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol


Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.


Using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate with any of the following may cause an increased risk of certain side effects but may be unavoidable in some cases. If used together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate, or give you special instructions about the use of food, alcohol, or tobacco.


  • Caffeine

  • Grapefruit Juice

Other Medical Problems


The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:


  • Abnormal or unusual vaginal bleeding or

  • Adrenal disease or

  • Blood clots, or history of or

  • Breast cancer, active or history of or

  • Diabetes with kidney, eye, nerve, or blood vessel damage or

  • Heart attack, history of or

  • Heart or blood vessel disease or

  • Heart rhythm problems or

  • Hypertension (high blood pressure), uncontrolled or

  • Kidney disease or

  • Liver disease, including tumors or cancer or

  • Migraine headache, new or worse or a new kind of headache or

  • Problems with circulation or blood clots, now or in the past or

  • Problems with heart valves or

  • Stroke, history of—Should not be used in patients with these conditions.

  • Angioedema (swelling of the face, tongue, or throat), inherited or

  • Chloasma gravidarum (skin disorder during pregnancy), history of or

  • Cholestasis (bile problem) during pregnancy, history of or

  • Depression, history of or

  • Diabetes or

  • Dyslipidemia (high cholesterol or fats in the blood), uncontrolled or

  • Gallbladder disease or

  • Hyperkalemia (high potassium in the blood) or

  • Hypertension (high blood pressure), controlled—Use with caution. May make these conditions worse.

Proper Use of drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate


To make using hormonal contraceptives as safe and reliable as possible, you should understand how and when to use them and what effects may be expected.


drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate comes with patient instructions. Read and follow these instructions carefully. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions.


drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate is available in blister packs. Each blister pack contains 28 tablets with different colors that need to be taken in the same order as directed on the blister pack.


When you begin using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate, your body will require at least 7 days to adjust before a pregnancy will be prevented. Use a second form of contraception, such as a condom, spermicide, or diaphragm, for the first 7 days of your first cycle of pills.


Take drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate at the same time each day, after the evening meal or at bedtime. You may take drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate with or without food.


Do not skip or delay taking your pill by more than 24 hours. If you miss a dose, you could get pregnant. Ask your doctor for ways to help you remember to take your pills or about using another method of birth control.


You may have light bleeding or spotting when you first take the pill.


You may feel sick or nauseous, especially during the first few months that you take drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate. If your nausea is continuous and does not go away, call your doctor.


If you vomit or have diarrhea within 3 to 4 hours of taking drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate, follow the instructions in the patient leaflet or call your doctor.


If you are switching from a combination hormonal method (e.g., another pill, patch, vaginal ring) to using Beyaz® or Safyral™, take drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate on the first day of your period. If you do not start your period, see your doctor for a pregnancy test. If you have used a vaginal ring or patch, take the pill on the day the ring or patch is removed. You must also use a second method of birth control (e.g., condom, diaphragm, spermicide) for the first 7 days you take drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate.


If you are switching from a progestin-only method (e.g., progestin-only pill, implant, injection, intrauterine system) to using Beyaz® or Safyral™, take the medicine on the day you would have taken your next progestin-only pill, or on the day your implant or IUD is removed, or on the day you would have your next injection. You must also use a second method of birth control (e.g., condom, diaphragm, spermicide) for the first 7 days you take drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate.


Dosing


The dose of drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.


The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.


Your doctor may ask you to begin your dose on the first day of your menstrual period (called Day 1 Start) or on the first Sunday after your menstrual period starts (called Sunday Start). When you begin on a certain day it is important that you follow that schedule, even if you miss a dose. Do not change your schedule on your own. If the schedule that you use is not convenient, check with your doctor about changing it. For a Sunday start, you need to use another form of birth control (e.g., condom, diaphragm, spermicide) for the first 7 days.


  • For oral dosage form (tablets):
    • For contraception (to prevent pregnancy), PMDD, or acne:
      • Adults and teenagers—One tablet taken at the same time each day for 28 days.

      • Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.



Missed Dose


Call your doctor or pharmacist for instructions.


Storage


Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.


Keep out of the reach of children.


Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.


Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.


Precautions While Using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate


It is very important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits to make sure drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate is working properly and does not cause unwanted effects. These visits will usually be every 6 to 12 months, but some doctors require them more often.


Although you are using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate to prevent pregnancy, you should know that using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate while you are pregnant could harm the unborn baby. If you think you have become pregnant while using the medicine, tell your doctor right away.


Vaginal bleeding of various amounts may occur between your regular menstrual periods during the first 3 months of use. This is sometimes called spotting when slight, or breakthrough bleeding when heavier.


  • If this should occur, continue with your regular dosing schedule.

  • The bleeding usually stops within 1 week. Check with your doctor if the bleeding continues for more than 1 week.

  • If bleeding continues after you have been taking hormonal contraceptives on schedule and for more than 3 months, check with your doctor.

Check with your doctor right away if you miss a menstrual period. Missed periods may occur if you skip one or more pink tablets and have not taken your pills exactly as directed. If you miss two periods in a row, talk to your doctor. You might need a pregnancy test.


If you suspect that you may be pregnant, stop using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate immediately and check with your doctor. You should continue to take folate supplements.


Do not use drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate if you smoke cigarettes or if you are over 35 years old. If you smoke while using birth control pills, you increase your risk of having a heart attack, stroke, or blood clot. Your risk is even higher if you are over age 35, if you have diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or if you are overweight. Talk with your doctor about ways to stop smoking. Keep your diabetes under control. Ask your doctor about diet and exercise to control your weight and blood cholesterol level.


Stop using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate and check with your doctor right away if you have pain in the chest, groin, or legs, especially the calves; difficulty with breathing; a sudden, severe headache; slurred speech; a sudden, unexplained shortness of breath; a sudden loss of coordination; or vision changes while using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate.


Check with your doctor immediately if you have problems wearing contact lenses or if blurred vision, difficulty with reading, or any other change in vision occurs during or after treatment. Your doctor may want you to have your eyes checked by an ophthalmologist (eye doctor).


Stop using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate and check with your doctor right away if you have pain or tenderness in the upper stomach; pale stools; dark urine; loss of appetite; nausea; unusual tiredness or weakness; or yellow eyes or skin. These could be symptoms of a serious liver problem.


Check with your doctor before refilling an old prescription, especially after a pregnancy. You will need another physical examination and your doctor may change your prescription.


Make sure any doctor or dentist who treats you knows that you are using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate. You may need to stop using drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate several days before having surgery or certain medical tests.


drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate may cause skin discoloration. Use a sunscreen when you are outdoors. Avoid sunlamps and tanning beds.


Do not take other medicines unless they have been discussed with your doctor. This includes prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicines and herbal (e.g., St. John's wort) or vitamin supplements.


drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate Side Effects


Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.


Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:


More common
  • Breast pain or tenderness

  • headache, severe and throbbing

  • heavy nonmenstrual vaginal bleeding

  • irregular menstrual periods

  • nausea

  • normal menstrual bleeding occurring earlier, possibly lasting longer than expected

Less common
  • Longer or heavier menstrual periods

  • unusual tiredness or weakness

  • vomiting

Incidence not known
  • Abdominal or stomach pain

  • chills

  • clay-colored stools

  • dark urine

  • difficulty with breathing

  • dizziness

  • fever

  • headache

  • itching

  • loss of appetite

  • pain in the chest, groin, or legs, especially the calves

  • rash

  • slurred speech

  • sudden loss of coordination

  • sudden, severe weakness or numbness in the arm or leg

  • sudden, unexplained shortness of breath

  • unpleasant breath odor

  • unusual tiredness or weakness

  • vision changes

  • vomiting of blood

  • yellow eyes or skin

Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:


Less common
  • Crying

  • decreased interest in sexual intercourse

  • delusions of persecution, mistrust, suspiciousness, and/or combativeness

  • false or unusual sense of well-being

  • inability to have or keep an erection

  • irritability

  • loss in sexual ability, desire, drive, or performance

  • mental depression

  • quick to react or overreact emotionally

  • rapidly changing moods

  • weight gain

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.


Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

See also: drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate side effects (in more detail)



The information contained in the Thomson Reuters Micromedex products as delivered by Drugs.com is intended as an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatment. It is not a substitute for a medical exam, nor does it replace the need for services provided by medical professionals. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before taking any prescription or over the counter drugs (including any herbal medicines or supplements) or following any treatment or regimen. Only your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist can provide you with advice on what is safe and effective for you.


The use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products is at your sole risk. These products are provided "AS IS" and "as available" for use, without warranties of any kind, either express or implied. Thomson Reuters Healthcare and Drugs.com make no representation or warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, timeliness, usefulness or completeness of any of the information contained in the products. Additionally, THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE OPINIONS OR OTHER SERVICE OR DATA YOU MAY ACCESS, DOWNLOAD OR USE AS A RESULT OF USE OF THE THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE PRODUCTS. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. Thomson Reuters Healthcare does not assume any responsibility or risk for your use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products.


More drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate resources


  • Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate Side Effects (in more detail)
  • Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate Dosage
  • Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate Drug Interactions
  • Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate Support Group
  • 83 Reviews for Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate - Add your own review/rating


Compare drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate with other medications


  • Acne
  • Birth Control
  • Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

drospirenone and estradiol


droe-SPYE-re-none, es-tra-DYE-ol


Oral route(Tablet)

Estrogens with or without progestins should not be used for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or dementia. Increased risks of myocardial infarction, stroke, invasive breast cancer, pulmonary emboli, and deep vein thrombosis in postmenopausal women (50 to 79 years of age) have been reported. An increased risk of developing probable dementia in postmenopausal women 65 years of age or older has also been reported .



Commonly used brand name(s)

In the U.S.


  • Angeliq

Available Dosage Forms:


  • Tablet

Therapeutic Class: Estrogen/Progestin Combination


Pharmacologic Class: Progestin


Uses For drospirenone and estradiol


Drospirenone and estradiol are female hormones called progestins and estrogens that make up this combination medicine. These female hormones are produced by the body and are necessary for the normal sexual development of the female and for the regulation of the menstrual cycle during the childbearing years.


The ovaries begin to produce less estrogen after menopause (the change of life). drospirenone and estradiol is prescribed to make up for the lower amount of estrogen in postmenopausal women who still have a uterus. Estrogen helps relieve signs of menopause, such as hot flashes and unusual sweating, chills, faintness, or dizziness. Estrogen can also help to relieve a genital skin condition called vaginal or vulvar atrophy. Progestin helps to regulate the effects of estradiol.


drospirenone and estradiol is available only with your doctor's prescription.


Before Using drospirenone and estradiol


In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For drospirenone and estradiol, the following should be considered:


Allergies


Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to drospirenone and estradiol or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.


Geriatric


Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. However, use of drospirenone/estradiol by postmenopausal women 65 years of age and older may increase the chances of dementia.


Pregnancy








Pregnancy CategoryExplanation
All TrimestersXStudies in animals or pregnant women have demonstrated positive evidence of fetal abnormalities. This drug should not be used in women who are or may become pregnant because the risk clearly outweighs any possible benefit.

Breast Feeding


Drospirenone

Studies in women breastfeeding have demonstrated harmful infant effects. An alternative to this medication should be prescribed or you should stop breastfeeding while using drospirenone and estradiol.


Estradiol

Studies suggest that this medication may alter milk production or composition. If an alternative to this medication is not prescribed, you should monitor the infant for side effects and adequate milk intake.


Interactions with Medicines


Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking drospirenone and estradiol, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.


Using drospirenone and estradiol with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.


  • Boceprevir

Using drospirenone and estradiol with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.


  • Isotretinoin

  • Theophylline

  • Tizanidine

  • Tranexamic Acid

Using drospirenone and estradiol with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.


  • Alprazolam

  • Amoxicillin

  • Ampicillin

  • Amprenavir

  • Aprepitant

  • Atazanavir

  • Bacampicillin

  • Betamethasone

  • Bexarotene

  • Bosentan

  • Carbamazepine

  • Clarithromycin

  • Colesevelam

  • Cyclosporine

  • Darunavir

  • Delavirdine

  • Doxycycline

  • Efavirenz

  • Etravirine

  • Fosamprenavir

  • Fosaprepitant

  • Fosphenytoin

  • Ginseng

  • Griseofulvin

  • Itraconazole

  • Ketoconazole

  • Lamotrigine

  • Levothyroxine

  • Licorice

  • Minocycline

  • Modafinil

  • Mycophenolate Mofetil

  • Mycophenolic Acid

  • Nelfinavir

  • Nevirapine

  • Oxcarbazepine

  • Oxytetracycline

  • Phenobarbital

  • Phenytoin

  • Pioglitazone

  • Prednisolone

  • Primidone

  • Rifabutin

  • Rifampin

  • Rifapentine

  • Ritonavir

  • Rosuvastatin

  • Rufinamide

  • Selegiline

  • St John's Wort

  • Tacrine

  • Telaprevir

  • Tetracycline

  • Tipranavir

  • Topiramate

  • Troglitazone

  • Troleandomycin

  • Voriconazole

  • Warfarin

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol


Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.


Using drospirenone and estradiol with any of the following may cause an increased risk of certain side effects but may be unavoidable in some cases. If used together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use drospirenone and estradiol, or give you special instructions about the use of food, alcohol, or tobacco.


  • Caffeine

  • Grapefruit Juice

Other Medical Problems


The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of drospirenone and estradiol. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:


  • Abnormal genital or vaginal bleeding of unknown causes or

  • Adrenal gland problems or

  • Breast cancer, known, suspected or history of, or

  • Cancer of the uterus or

  • Liver problems or disease—drospirenone and estradiol should NOT be used.

  • Asthma or

  • Diabetes or

  • Endometriosis or

  • Epilepsy (seizures) or

  • High cholesterol or triglycerides (or history of) or

  • Hypocalcemia (too little calcium in the blood) or

  • Hyponatremia (too little sodium in the blood) or

  • Liver tumor, benign, or

  • Lupus or

  • Migraine or

  • Porphyria (problem with metabolism causing stomach pain and mental confusion)—drospirenone and estradiol should be used with caution. It can cause these conditions to become worse.

  • Blood clots in deep veins or the pulmonary artery or

  • Heart attack, active or recent (within the past year) or

  • Stroke, active or recent—drospirenone and estradiol should NOT be used.

  • Blood clot risk factors (e.g., obesity, personal or family history of blood clots, or lupus) or

  • Heart disease risk factors (e.g., diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, obesity, tobacco use)—Your doctor will help you lower your chances of having heart disease.

  • Heart problems or

  • Liver problems—These conditions could be affected by fluid retention (e.g., water weight gain). The patient should be observed when taking drospirenone and estradiol because estradiol may cause some fluid retention.

  • Hypothyroid (too little thyroid hormone)—Dose of thyroid medicine may need to be increased.

Proper Use of drospirenone and estradiol


Read the enclosed patient leaflet carefully before taking drospirenone and estradiol.


You should not take drospirenone and estradiol if you have had a hysterectomy.


You should not take drospirenone and estradiol to prevent heart disease or dementia.


Tell your doctor if you take any medicine or supplement that increases potassium levels. Your doctor may want to prescribe a different medicine for you or have your blood tested to check potassium levels.


Swallow the tablet whole. Do not crush or chew.


Dosing


The dose of drospirenone and estradiol will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of drospirenone and estradiol. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.


The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.


  • For oral dosage forms (tablets):
    • For treating a genital skin condition (vaginal or vulvar atrophy), or vasomotor symptoms of menopause:
      • Adults—Oral, 1 tablet (drospirenone 0.5 milligram (mg)/estradiol 1 mg) once a day.



Missed Dose


Call your doctor or pharmacist for instructions.


Storage


Keep out of the reach of children.


Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.


Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.


Precautions While Using drospirenone and estradiol


It is very important that your doctor check you at regular visits every 3 to 6 months to discuss whether you need to continue taking drospirenone and estradiol.


If you are going to have surgery or will be on bed rest, you need to inform your doctor. You may need to stop taking drospirenone/estradiol during this time.


Check with your doctor immediately if vaginal bleeding occurs.


It is important that you check your breasts by self-examination regularly and have clinical examinations and mammography as required by your doctor. Report unusual breast lumps or discharge right away.


If you are scheduled for any lab tests, tell your doctor or lab technician that you are taking drospirenone and estradiol. Certain blood tests are affected by estradiol.


Tell your doctor about any risk factors for heart disease that you may have, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, tobacco use, high cholesterol, and obesity. It is important that you work with your doctor to lower these risk factors.


drospirenone and estradiol Side Effects


Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.



Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:


More common
  • Breast pain

  • full or bloated feeling

  • heavy nonmenstrual vaginal bleeding

  • pressure in the stomach

  • surgery

  • swelling of abdominal or stomach area

Less common
  • Bloating or swelling of face, arms, hands, legs, or feet

  • change in vaginal discharge

  • increased clear or white vaginal discharge

  • pain or feeling of pressure in pelvis

  • rapid weight gain

  • tingling of hands or feet

  • unusual weight gain or loss

  • vaginal bleeding

Incidence not known
  • Abdominal pain

  • anxiety

  • blurred vision

  • change in vision

  • chest pain or discomfort

  • clear or bloody discharge from nipple

  • confusion

  • constipation

  • cough

  • coughing up blood

  • depression

  • difficulty in speaking

  • dimpling of breast skin

  • dizziness or lightheadedness

  • double vision

  • dry mouth

  • fainting

  • fast heartbeat

  • headache

  • headache, severe and throbbing

  • inability to move arms, legs, or facial muscles

  • inability to speak

  • incoherent speech

  • increased urination

  • inverted nipple

  • loss of appetite

  • lump in breast or under the arm

  • metallic taste

  • muscle weakness

  • nausea and vomiting

  • numbness or weakness in your arm or leg, or on one side of your body

  • pain or discomfort in arms, jaw, back, or neck

  • pain or redness in your lower leg (calf)

  • persistent crusting or scaling of nipple

  • poor insight and judgment

  • problems with memory, vision, speech, or walking

  • redness or swelling of breast

  • seeing double

  • shortness of breath

  • slow speech

  • sore on the skin of the breast that does not heal

  • sudden or severe headache

  • sudden shortness of breath or troubled breathing

  • sweating

  • thirst

  • trouble recognizing objects

  • trouble thinking and planning

  • trouble walking

  • unusual tiredness or weakness

  • weight loss

Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:


More common
  • Accidental injury

  • back pain

  • body aches or pain

  • chills

  • diarrhea

  • difficulty in breathing

  • ear congestion

  • fever, sneezing, or sore throat

  • general feeling of discomfort or illness

  • joint pain

  • loss of voice

  • muscle aches and pains

  • nasal congestion

  • pain in arms or legs

  • pain or tenderness around eyes and cheekbones

  • runny nose

  • shivering

  • stuffy or runny nose

  • sweating

  • tightness of chest or wheezing

  • trouble sleeping

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.


Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

See also: drospirenone and estradiol side effects (in more detail)



The information contained in the Thomson Reuters Micromedex products as delivered by Drugs.com is intended as an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatment. It is not a substitute for a medical exam, nor does it replace the need for services provided by medical professionals. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before taking any prescription or over the counter drugs (including any herbal medicines or supplements) or following any treatment or regimen. Only your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist can provide you with advice on what is safe and effective for you.


The use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products is at your sole risk. These products are provided "AS IS" and "as available" for use, without warranties of any kind, either express or implied. Thomson Reuters Healthcare and Drugs.com make no representation or warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, timeliness, usefulness or completeness of any of the information contained in the products. Additionally, THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE OPINIONS OR OTHER SERVICE OR DATA YOU MAY ACCESS, DOWNLOAD OR USE AS A RESULT OF USE OF THE THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE PRODUCTS. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. Thomson Reuters Healthcare does not assume any responsibility or risk for your use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products.


More drospirenone and estradiol resources


  • Drospirenone and estradiol Side Effects (in more detail)
  • Drospirenone and estradiol Dosage
  • Drospirenone and estradiol Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Drospirenone and estradiol Drug Interactions
  • Drospirenone and estradiol Support Group
  • 6 Reviews for Drospirenone and estradiol - Add your own review/rating


Compare drospirenone and estradiol with other medications


  • Postmenopausal Symptoms

Drixoral Sinus


Generic Name: acetaminophen, dexbrompheniramine, and pseudoephedrine (a SEET a MIN oh fen, dex brom fen EER a meen, and soo doe e FED rin)

Brand Names: Drixoral Allergy Sinus, Drixoral Cold and Flu, Drixoral Sinus


What is Drixoral Sinus (acetaminophen, dexbrompheniramine, and pseudoephedrine)?

Acetaminophen is a pain reliever and fever reducer.


Dexbrompheniramine is an antihistamine that reduces the natural chemical histamine in the body. Histamine can produce symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose.


Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant that shrinks blood vessels in the nasal passages. Dilated blood vessels can cause nasal congestion (stuffy nose).


The combination of acetaminophen, dexbrompheniramine, and pseudoephedrine is used to treat headache, fever, body aches, runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and sinus congestion caused by allergies, the common cold, or the flu.


Acetaminophen, dexbrompheniramine, and pseudoephedrine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.


What is the most important information I should know about Drixoral Sinus (acetaminophen, dexbrompheniramine, and pseudoephedrine)?


Do not take more of this medication than is recommended. An overdose of acetaminophen can damage your liver or cause death. Do not take this medication without a doctor's advice if you have ever had alcoholic liver disease (cirrhosis) or if you drink more than 3 alcoholic beverages per day. You should not use this medicine if you have severe constipation, a blockage in your stomach or intestines, or if you are unable to urinate. Do not use this medicine if you have untreated or uncontrolled diseases such as glaucoma, asthma or COPD, high blood pressure, heart disease, coronary artery disease, or overactive thyroid. Avoid drinking alcohol. It may increase your risk of liver damage while taking acetaminophen and can increase certain side effects of dexbrompheniramine. Do not use this medicine if you have used an MAO inhibitor such as furazolidone (Furoxone), isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) in the last 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction could occur, leading to serious side effects. Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using any other cold, allergy, pain, or sleep medication. Acetaminophen (sometimes abbreviated as APAP) is contained in many combination medicines. Taking certain products together can cause you to get too much acetaminophen which can lead to a fatal overdose.

What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking Drixoral Sinus (acetaminophen, dexbrompheniramine, and pseudoephedrine)?


You should not use this medicine if you have severe constipation, a blockage in your stomach or intestines, or if you are unable to urinate. Do not take this medication without a doctor's advice if you have ever had alcoholic liver disease (cirrhosis) or if you drink more than 3 alcoholic beverages per day. You may not be able to take medicine that contains acetaminophen. Do not use this medicine if you have untreated or uncontrolled diseases such as glaucoma, asthma or COPD, high blood pressure, heart disease, coronary artery disease, or overactive thyroid. Do not use this medicine if you have used an MAO inhibitor such as furazolidone (Furoxone), isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) in the last 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction could occur, leading to serious side effects.

Ask a doctor or pharmacist if it is safe for you to take this medicine if you have:



  • liver disease, cirrhosis, or a history of alcoholism;




  • a blockage in your digestive tract (stomach or intestines);




  • diabetes;




  • kidney disease;




  • epilepsy or other seizure disorder;




  • cough with mucus, or cough caused by smoking, emphysema, or chronic bronchitis;




  • enlarged prostate or urination problems;




  • low blood pressure;




  • pheochromocytoma (an adrenal gland tumor); or




  • if you take potassium (Cytra, Epiklor, K-Lyte, K-Phos, Kaon, Klor-Con, Polycitra, Urocit-K).




It is not known whether acetaminophen, dexbrompheniramine, and pseudoephedrine will harm an unborn baby. Do not use this medicine without your doctor's advice if you are pregnant. This medication may pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Antihistamines and decongestants may also slow breast milk production. Do not use this medicine without your doctor's advice if you are breast-feeding a baby.

How should I take Drixoral Sinus (acetaminophen, dexbrompheniramine, and pseudoephedrine)?


Use exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor. Do not use in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. This medicine is usually taken only for a short time until your symptoms clear up.


Do not take more of this medication than is recommended. An overdose of acetaminophen can damage your liver or cause death. Do not give this medication to a child younger than 4 years old. Always ask a doctor before giving a cough or cold medicine to a child. Death can occur from the misuse of cough and cold medicines in very young children.

Do not take for longer than 7 days in a row. Stop taking the medicine and call your doctor if you still have a fever after 3 days of use, you still have pain after 7 days (or 5 days if treating a child), if your symptoms get worse, or if you have a skin rash, ongoing headache, or any redness or swelling.


If you need surgery or medical tests, tell the surgeon or doctor ahead of time if you have taken this medicine within the past few days. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Do not allow liquid medicine to freeze.

What happens if I miss a dose?


Since this medicine is taken when needed, you may not be on a dosing schedule. If you are taking the medication regularly, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.


What happens if I overdose?


Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1 800 222 1222. An overdose of acetaminophen can be fatal.

The first signs of an acetaminophen overdose include loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, sweating, and confusion or weakness. Later symptoms may include pain in your upper stomach, dark urine, and yellowing of your skin or the whites of your eyes.


Overdose symptoms may also include severe forms of some of the side effects listed in this medication guide.


What should I avoid while taking Drixoral Sinus (acetaminophen, dexbrompheniramine, and pseudoephedrine)?


Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using any other cold, allergy, pain, or sleep medication. Acetaminophen (sometimes abbreviated as APAP) is contained in many combination medicines. Taking certain products together can cause you to get too much acetaminophen which can lead to a fatal overdose. Check the label to see if a medicine contains acetaminophen or APAP. Avoid drinking alcohol. It may increase your risk of liver damage while taking acetaminophen, and can increase certain side effects of dexbrompheniramine. This medicine may cause blurred vision or impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert and able to see clearly.

Drixoral Sinus (acetaminophen, dexbrompheniramine, and pseudoephedrine) side effects


Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using this medication and call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as:

  • chest pain, rapid pulse, fast or uneven heart rate;




  • confusion, hallucinations, severe nervousness;




  • tremor, seizure (convulsions);




  • easy bruising or bleeding, unusual weakness;




  • urinating less than usual or not at all;




  • nausea, pain in your upper stomach, itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of your skin or eyes); or




  • dangerously high blood pressure (severe headache, blurred vision, buzzing in your ears, anxiety, chest pain, shortness of breath, uneven heartbeats, seizure).



Less serious side effects may include:



  • dizziness, drowsiness;




  • mild headache;




  • dry mouth, nose, or throat;




  • constipation;




  • blurred vision;




  • feeling nervous; or




  • sleep problems (insomnia);



This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.


What other drugs will affect Drixoral Sinus (acetaminophen, dexbrompheniramine, and pseudoephedrine)?


Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using this medicine if you regularly use other medicines that make you sleepy (such as narcotic pain medication, sedatives, sleeping pills, muscle relaxers, and medicine for seizures, depression or anxiety). They can add to sleepiness caused by dexbrompheniramine.

Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use, especially:



  • leflunomide (Arava);




  • topiramate (Topamax);




  • zonisamide (Zonegran);




  • an antibiotic, antifungal medicine, sulfa drug, or tuberculosis medicine;




  • an antidepressant;




  • birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy;




  • bladder or urinary medications;




  • blood pressure medication;




  • a bronchodilator;




  • cancer medicine;




  • cholesterol-lowering medications such as Lipitor, Niaspan, Zocor, Vytorin, and others;




  • gout or arthritis medications (including gold injections);




  • HIV/AIDS medication;




  • medication for nausea and vomiting, stomach ulcers, or irritable bowel syndrome;




  • medicines to treat psychiatric disorders;




  • an NSAID such as Advil, Aleve, Arthrotec, Cataflam, Celebrex, Indocin, Motrin, Naprosyn, Treximet, Voltaren, others; or




  • seizure medication.



This list is not complete and other drugs may interact with acetaminophen, dexbrompheniramine, and pseudoephedrine. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.



More Drixoral Sinus resources


  • Drixoral Sinus Side Effects (in more detail)
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  • Drixoral Sinus Drug Interactions
  • 1 Review for Drixoral Sinus - Add your own review/rating


  • Drixoral Sinus Sustained-Release Tablets MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)



Compare Drixoral Sinus with other medications


  • Cold Symptoms
  • Hay Fever
  • Sinus Symptoms


Where can I get more information?


  • Your pharmacist can provide more information about acetaminophen, dexbrompheniramine, and pseudoephedrine.

See also: Drixoral Sinus side effects (in more detail)


drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate


Generic Name: drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate (droe SPYE re none, ETH in il ES tra DYE ol, and LEE voe me FOE late )

Brand Names: Beyaz, Safyral


What is drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate?

Drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol prevent ovulation (the release of an egg from an ovary) and also cause changes in your cervical and uterine lining, making it harder for sperm to reach the uterus and harder for a fertilized egg to attach to the uterus.


Levomefolate is a type of B vitamin that is normally found in foods. Levomefolate helps prevent a rare birth defect that could occur in a baby if the pregnancy occurs while taking birth control pills or shortly after stopping them.


Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate is used as contraception to prevent pregnancy. The Beyaz brand of this medication is also used to treat moderate acne in women who are at least 14 years old and have started having menstrual periods, and who wish to use birth control pills to prevent pregnancy.


Beyaz is also used to treat the symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), such as anxiety, depression, irritability, trouble concentrating, lack of energy, sleep or appetite changes, breast tenderness, joint or muscle pain, headache, and weight gain. Beyaz will not treat symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS).


Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.


What is the most important information I should know about drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate?


Do not use this medication if you are pregnant. Do not use if you have any of the following conditions: a history of stroke or blood clot, history of heart attack, circulation problems (especially if caused by diabetes), a blood-clotting disorder, a heart valve disorder, coronary heart disease, breast or uterine cancer, unusual vaginal bleeding, kidney or liver disease, an adrenal gland disorder, uncontrolled high blood pressure, severe migraines, a history of jaundice caused by pregnancy, or if you are 35 or older and you smoke.

What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate?


Do not use this medication if you are pregnant. Tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant, or if you miss two menstrual periods in a row. If you have recently had a baby, wait at least 4 weeks before taking birth control pills (or until you stop breast-feeding). Do not use this medication if you have any of the following conditions:

  • a heart valve disorder, blood-clotting disorder, uncontrolled high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, or severe migraine headaches;




  • a history of heart attack, stroke, or blood clot (especially in your leg, lung, or eye);




  • problems with your eyes, kidneys, or circulation caused by diabetes;



  • kidney disease or adrenal gland disorder;

  • liver disease or liver cancer;


  • unusual vaginal bleeding;




  • any type of breast, uterine, or hormone-dependent cancer;




  • a history of jaundice caused by pregnancy; or




  • if you are 35 or older and you smoke.



To make sure you can safely take drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate, tell your doctor if you have any of these other conditions:



  • high blood pressure or heart disease;




  • high cholesterol or triglycerides;




  • high levels of potassium in your blood;




  • gallbladder disease;




  • diabetes;




  • seizures or epilepsy; or




  • a history of depression.




FDA pregnancy category X. Do not use this medication if you are pregnant. Stop using this medication and tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant. The hormones in this medicine can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. This medication may also slow breast milk production. Do not use if you are breast-feeding a baby.

How should I take drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate?


Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label. You will take your first pill on the first day of your period or on the first Sunday after your period begins (follow your doctor's instructions).


Use back-up birth control (condoms or spermicide), for the first 7 days of using this medication.

The 28-day birth control pack contains reminder pills to keep you on your regular cycle. Your period will usually begin while you are using these reminder pills.


Take one pill with every evening meal or at bedtime, no more than 24 hours apart. When the pills run out, start a new pack the following day. Get your prescription refilled before you run out of pills completely.


You may have breakthrough bleeding. Tell your doctor if this bleeding continues or is very heavy.

If you need surgery or medical tests or if you will be on bed rest, you may need to stop using this medication for a short time (starting 4 weeks before a surgery). Any doctor or surgeon who treats you should know that you are using birth control pills.


Your doctor will need to check your progress on a regular basis. Do not miss any scheduled appointments.


Store this medication at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

See also: Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate dosage (in more detail)

What happens if I miss a dose?


Missing a pill increases your risk of becoming pregnant.


If you miss one active pill, take two pills on the day that you remember. Then take one pill per day for the rest of the pack.


If you miss two active pills in a row in week 1 or 2, take two pills per day for two days in a row. Then take one pill per day for the rest of the pack. Use back up birth control for at least 7 days.


If you miss two active pills in a row in week 3, or if you miss three pills in a row during any of the first 3 weeks, throw out the rest of the pack and start a new one the same day if you are a Day 1 starter. If you are a Sunday starter, keep taking a pill every day until Sunday. On Sunday, throw out the rest of the pack and start a new one that day.


If you miss two or more pills, you may not have a period during the month. If you miss a period for two months in a row, call your doctor because you might be pregnant.

If you miss one of the reminder pills in week four, skip that dose and take the next one as directed.


What happens if I overdose?


Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Overdose symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, or vaginal bleeding.

What should I avoid while taking drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate?


Do not smoke while using this medication, especially if you are older than 35. Smoking can increase your risk of blood clots, stroke, or heart attack caused by birth control pills.

Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate will not protect you from sexually transmitted diseases--including HIV and AIDS. Using a condom is the only way to protect yourself from these diseases.


Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate side effects


Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using this medicine and call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as:

  • sudden numbness or weakness, confusion, pain behind the eyes, problems with vision, speech, or balance;




  • chest pain or heavy feeling, pain spreading to the arm or shoulder, nausea, sweating, general ill feeling;




  • a change in the pattern or severity of migraine headaches;




  • jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); or




  • symptoms of depression (sleep problems, weakness, mood changes).



Less serious side effects may include:



  • breast pain, tenderness, or swelling;




  • mild headache, feeling tired or irritable;




  • bloating, stomach pain, mild nausea;




  • weight gain, swelling of your hands or feet;




  • problems with contact lenses;




  • loss of interest in sex; or




  • changes in your menstrual periods.



This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.


Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate Dosing Information


Usual Adult Dose for Contraception:

1 tablet orally each day. A patient should begin taking either on the first day of the menstrual period (Day 1 Start) or on the first Sunday after the onset of the menstrual period (Sunday Start). The patient should begin the next and all subsequent 28-day regimens on the same day of the week as she began the first regimen, following the same schedule.

Usual Adult Dose for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder:

1 tablet orally each day. A patient should begin taking either on the first day of the menstrual period (Day 1 Start) or on the first Sunday after the onset of the menstrual period (Sunday Start). The patient should begin the next and all subsequent 28-day regimens on the same day of the week as she began the first regimen, following the same schedule. Drospirenone-ethinyl estradiol is indicated for the treatment of symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) in women who choose to use an oral contraceptive as their method of contraception. The effectiveness of drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol/levomefolate for premenstrual dysphoric disorder when used for more than three menstrual cycles has not been evaluated.

Usual Adult Dose for Acne:

1 tablet orally each day. A patient should begin taking either on the first day of the menstrual period (Day 1 Start) or on the first Sunday after the onset of the menstrual period (Sunday Start). The patient should begin the next and all subsequent 28-day regimens on the same day of the week as she began the first regimen, following the same schedule. Drospirenone-ethinyl estradiol is indicated for the treatment of moderate acne vulgaris in women at least 14 years of age, who have no known contraindications to oral contraceptive therapy and have achieved menarche. Drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol/levomefolate should be used for the treatment of acne only if the patient desires an oral contraceptive for birth control.


What other drugs will affect drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate?


Some drugs can make birth control pills less effective, which may result in pregnancy. Other drugs may be affected by drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate. Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use, especially:



  • bosentan (Tracleer);




  • folic acid or potassium supplements;




  • heparin;




  • St. John's wort;




  • antibiotics such as griseofulvin (Fulvicin) or rifampin (Rifadin, Rifater, Rifamate);




  • heart or blood pressure medication, including diuretics (water pills);




  • HIV or AIDS medications;




  • antifungal medicines;




  • NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), celecoxib (Celebrex), and others;




  • phenobarbital (Solfoton) and other barbiturates; or




  • seizure medication such as carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Tegretol), felbamate (Felbatol), lamotrigine (Lamictal), oxcarbazepine (Trileptal), phenytoin (Dilantin), and others.



This list is not complete and there are many other drugs that can interact with drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor. Keep a list of all your medicines and show it to any healthcare provider who treats you.



More drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate resources


  • Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate Side Effects (in more detail)
  • Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate Dosage
  • Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate Drug Interactions
  • Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate Support Group
  • 83 Reviews for Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate - Add your own review/rating


Compare drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate with other medications


  • Acne
  • Birth Control
  • Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder


Where can I get more information?


  • Your pharmacist can provide more information about drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate.

See also: drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol, and levomefolate side effects (in more detail)


drospirenone and estradiol


Generic Name: drospirenone and estradiol (droh SPYE re none ES tra dye ole)

Brand Names: Angeliq


What is drospirenone and estradiol?

Drospirenone is a female hormone that helps regulate ovulation and menstruation.


Estradiol is a female hormone involved in development and maintenance of the female reproductive system.


Drospirenone and estradiol is used to treat the symptoms of menopause such as hot flashes or vaginal changes (itching, burning, dryness, urination problems). It is also used to prevent thinning of the bones (osteoporosis).


Drosperinone and estradiol also treats the symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The symptoms of PMDD include depression, anxiety, persistent anger or irritability, trouble concentrating, sleep or appetite changes, and feeling out of control. PMDD also includes physical symptoms such as breast tenderness, headache, joint or muscle pain, bloating, and weight gain.


PMDD is not the same condition as premenstrual syndrome (PMS). This medication is not meant to treat PMS.

Drospirenone and estradiol may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.


What is the most important information I should know about drospirenone and estradiol?


This medication can cause birth defects in an unborn baby. Do not use if you are pregnant. Use an effective form of birth control, and tell your doctor if you become pregnant during treatment. Drospirenone may raise potassium levels in your blood. Other medical conditions can also affect potassium levels. Before using drospirenone and estradiol, tell your doctor about all of your current and past medical conditions, and about all the medicines you use. Stop using this medication and call your doctor at once if you feel short of breath, have sudden numbness or weakness on one side of the body, sudden headache, confusion, or problems with vision, speech, or balance.

Call your doctor right away if you have a breast lump, unusual vaginal bleeding, or jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).


What should I discuss with my doctor before taking drospirenone and estradiol?


Drospirenone may raise potassium levels in your blood. Other medical conditions can also affect potassium levels. Before using drospirenone and estradiol, tell your doctor if you have any of the following:
  • a history of liver disease;

  • a history of jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes) during a pregnancy or while using birth control pills;

  • kidney disease;


  • adrenal insufficiency;




  • hemophilia or other bleeding disorder;




  • a history of stroke or blood clot;




  • unusual vaginal bleeding; or




  • any type of breast, uterine, or hormone-dependent cancer.




Certain medicines can also affect potassium levels. Tell your doctor if you use any of the following drugs:

  • heparin;




  • aspirin or other NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) such as celecoxib (Celebrex), diclofenac (Voltaren), ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), indomethacin, naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), piroxicam (Feldene);




  • a diuretic ("water pill") such as spironolactone (Aldactone), triamterene (Dyrenium, Dyazide, Maxzide), amiloride (Midamor), or eplerenone (Inspra);




  • a potassium supplement such as Klor-Con, K-Dur, K-Tab;




  • an ACE inhibitor such as benazepril (Lotensin), lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril), enalapril (Vasotec); or




  • blood pressure medicine such as candesartan (Atacand), losartan (Cozaar), telmisartan (Micardis).



If you have any of the following conditions, you may not be able to use drospirenone and estradiol, or you may need a dosage adjustment or special tests during treatment:



  • high blood pressure, angina, heart disease, high cholesterol or triglycerides;



  • liver or kidney disease;


  • asthma;




  • epilepsy;




  • migraines, depression;




  • diabetes;




  • gallbladder disease;




  • uterine fibroids; or




  • you have had a hysterectomy (uterus removed).




FDA pregnancy category X. This medication can cause birth defects. Do not use this medication if you are pregnant. Tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant during treatment. Drospirenone and estradiol may affect breast milk. Do not take drospirenone and estradiol without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

Estradiol may increase your risk of developing a condition that may lead to uterine cancer. Taking the combination of drospirenone and estradiol may reduce this risk. Talk with your doctor about your individual situation, and report any unusual vaginal bleeding right away.


How should I take drospirenone and estradiol?


Take this medication exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take the medication in larger or smaller amounts, or take it for longer than recommended by your doctor.


Take each dose with a full glass of water.

Try to take drospirenone and estradiol at the same time each day.


Store drospirenone and estradiol at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

See also: Drospirenone and estradiol dosage (in more detail)

What happens if I miss a dose?


Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at the next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.


What happens if I overdose?


Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine.

An overdose of drospirenone and estradiol is not expected to produce life-threatening symptoms.


What should I avoid while taking drospirenone and estradiol


There are no restrictions on food, beverages, or activity while taking drospirenone and estradiol unless your doctor directs otherwise.


Drospirenone and estradiol side effects


Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using this medication and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:

  • chest pain;




  • shortness of breath;




  • sudden numbness or weakness, especially on one side of the body;




  • sudden headache, confusion, problems with vision, speech, or balance;




  • unusual vaginal bleeding;




  • stomach pain, swelling, or tenderness;




  • jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); or




  • breast lump.



Continue using drospirenone and estradiol and talk with your doctor if you have any of these less serious side effects:



  • nausea and vomiting;




  • breast tenderness or enlargement;




  • swelling of your hands or feet;




  • darkened skin, especially on your face;




  • changes in your menstrual periods;




  • headache, migraine, dizziness, or fainting;




  • problems with contact lenses;




  • depression;




  • vaginal yeast infections; or




  • enlargement of uterine fibroids.



Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.


Drospirenone and estradiol Dosing Information


Usual Adult Dose for Postmenopausal Symptoms:

1 tablet orally each day.


What other drugs will affect drospirenone and estradiol?


Before taking this medication, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs:



  • insulin or diabetes medicine taken by mouth, including glipizide (Glucotrol), glyburide (Diabeta, Micronase, Glynase), chlorpropamide (Diabinese), tolazamide (Tolinase), tolbutamide (Orinase), and others; or




  • a blood thinner such as warfarin (Coumadin).



If you are using any of these drugs, you may not be able to use dropirenone and estradiol.


There may be other drugs not listed that can affect drospirenone and estradiol. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.



More drospirenone and estradiol resources


  • Drospirenone and estradiol Side Effects (in more detail)
  • Drospirenone and estradiol Dosage
  • Drospirenone and estradiol Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Drospirenone and estradiol Drug Interactions
  • Drospirenone and estradiol Support Group
  • 6 Reviews for Drospirenone and estradiol - Add your own review/rating


Compare drospirenone and estradiol with other medications


  • Postmenopausal Symptoms


Where can I get more information?


  • Your pharmacist has additional information about drospirenone and estradiol written for health professionals that you may read.

See also: drospirenone and estradiol side effects (in more detail)